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11 | Introduction can combine two types of discrimination : a change in the contestants’ prize valuations, which is subject to a balanced - budget constraint, and a bias of the impact of their efforts . Applying such dual discrimination, the designer reduces the higher prize value up to a minimal level, but accordingly increases the corresponding prize . Their main result demonstrates that this dual discrimination helps maximize the possible efforts – the highest valuation of the contested prize . The efforts in this setting can therefore be greater than those obtained under alternative modes of one - type favoritism . The final chapter deals with the three topics that greatly interested Yaacov : macroeconomics, migration, and education . In this chapter, Katz and Rapoport explore the relationship between variability in the rate of return to human capital and investment in education, with a special focus on potential emigration . Specifically, they show that if emigration is a possibility, such variability in the rate of return to human capital can induce residents of developing countries to make greater investments in education . Moreover, since education is relatively expensive, variability in the return to human capital may increase the average level of education in a developing economy even after the expected emigration is netted out . Finally, their findings are shown to have explanatory power in relation to the education and migratory patterns of minorities . חבל על דאבדין ולא משתכחין
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