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) The Sufis’ Attitude toward the Ḥajj ( Pilgrimage * 43 discussion . Moreover, elsewhere our author states that existence is good and nonexistence is evil, and that God is identified with existence . 138 Some practical conclusions also derive from the above - mentioned idea of the goodness of existence . One of them is the believer’s attitude toward leaders of the community ( im ā m ) who sin . Leadership ( im ā ma ) 139 is not legitimate when the im ā m commits sins . However, if he makes ablution and enters the state of holiness through prayer, he is deemed obedient to God . Moreover, says Ibn al - ‛Arabī, we are ordered to have a good opinion of other people, and it is prohibited to speak ill of them . An evil deed cannot overcome one’s belief that this is an evil deed . Thus, one who knows that he has committed an evil act and is aware of what he did, cannot be blamed after his repentance . 140 In sum, we have attempted to present Ibn al - ‛Arabī’s conception of the Ḥajj . Although...
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