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Reading Made Easier : The explicit instruction of reading strategies | 268 college . It consists of two major components : ( a ) the teacher's presentation of a new strategy, and ( b ) the students' practice . These follow Vygotsky's model of cognitive apprenticeship in general and the concept ) 86 : 1978 ( of the zone of proximal development ( ZPD ) in particular he defined as "the distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance, or in collaboration with more capable peer" . 172 However, the teacher should first help her students to identify or become aware of the strategies they are already using in their L1, in order to facilitate their transfer and enhance their use in English ( Cohen, 2011 ; Williams & Burden, 1997 ) . One way to do it, which I found effective at all ages, is to ask the students at the beginning of the year or a course to s...
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